外空探索国际合作知识产权保护探析

中国外空探索国际合作的形式由双边合作发展到多边合作，合作的程度日益深化，技术出口与共同研发成为合作的常态。对于合作中已有技术的知识产权的保护要通过协议规定保密条款，并明确在此基础上改进专利的实施条件及违约责任。对于合作研发技术应综合考虑合作各方贡献，通过合作协议明确知识产权利益分享机制。空间技术具有国防敏感性，应在国家利益与单位利益、保密性与公开性之间寻求合理的平衡。为此应建立合作项目知识产权评估机制和国家介入权听证制度。为增强中国在空间技术知识产权竞争力，应加强对外合作和单位内部的合同管理，以减少合作中知识产权利益分配的不确定性，并针对合作项目风险性的差异，建立知识产权分类评价机制。

The Analysis of the Intellectual Property Protection in Exploring Outer Space International Cooperation in China

The form of international cooperation in China''s outer space explore has developed from bilateral cooperation to multilateral cooperation,the degree of cooperation is deepening,technology exports and cooperative research become normal. For the protection of the intellectual property rights of the existing technology in the cooperation,the confidentiality provisions shall be stipulated in the agreement,and the implementation conditions of the improvement patent and the liability for breach of contract shall be made clear. For the cooperative research technology,we should consider the contribution of the cooperative parties,and clarify the interest sharing mechanism of the intellectual property through the cooperation agreement. Space technology has national defense sensitivity,it should seek a reasonable balance between national interests and interests,confidentiality and openness. To this end,we should establish the evaluation mechanism of intellectual property of cooperative projects and the hearing system of the state intervention right. In order to enhance China''s intellectual property competitiveness in space technology,we should strengthen the contract management of external cooperation and enterprises internal affairs, reduce the uncertainty of the allocation of intellectual property rights in the cooperation,and establish the classification evaluation mechanism of intellectual property rights according to the difference risk of cooperation project.