日本社会学的历史发展及展望

日本社会学诞生于19世纪明治维新时期,二战以前主要受德国社会学的影响。战后,日本社会学获得了很大发展,其间共经历了三个历史时期,即重建期(1945～1960年)、发展期(1960～1980年)和转型期(1980～1995年)。马克思主义、帕森斯的结构功能主义和福柯、哈贝马斯等后现代主义分别成为这三个不同时期主要的社会学理论范式。民主化和现代化建设贯穿于整个战后的日本社会学。展望21世纪,日本社会学正致力于自身的变革,在继续为民主化建设服务的同时,努力从为现代化和工业化服务的科学,转变成为一门为人类与社会服务的科学。

Japanese Sociology Historical Development and Forecast

The Japanese sociology was born in the 19th century Meiji Restoration time. Prewar, it was mainly influ- enced by German sociology. Postwar, the Japanese sociology has obtained the very big development, has altogether experienced three historical periods, namely reconstruction time (1945~1960 years), period of expansion (1960~1980 years) and transition period (1980~1995 years).the Marxism, Parson's structure function principle, Fuke and Habermas and so on modernism separately become these three main different time sociology theory model. Democratized and modernization penetrated in entire postwar Japanese sociology. Forecasts the 21st century, the Japanese sociology is devoting to own transformation, while continues to serve for the democratized construction, diligently transforms into one for human and the social service science from serving for the modernization and the industrialization.