思维方式与语法研究的方法论

语法结构是思维方式的一种外在表现形式。印欧语社团的思维方式重推理,汉语社团重直觉,通过比喻例证的方法挖掘两类事物之间的联系,进而说明事物的性质和特点,宜采用"A借助于B,从A与B的相互关系中去把握、体悟A和B的性质和特点"的方法,突出主观的因素在语法结构中的作用。现在西方兴起的隐喻理论实质上相当于汉语社团的直觉性思维。

Way of Thinking and Methodology of Grammatical Study

Grammatical structure is a surface representation of thinking mode. Looked at from this perspective, the Indo_European language community features more reasoning in thinking style whereas the Chinese more intuition. Chinese people are ready to describe the nature and characteristics of one thing by exploring its relationship with another thing through analogy and exemplification. Structural studies on individual languages, related to different thinking styles, should differ in their methodological principles, too. In the light of Chinese thinking style, it is advisable that in Chinese grammatical studies we adopt such methods as analyzing A against B or catching the nature and characteristics of A or B on the basis of the relationship in between, and emphasize the roles of subjectivity in grammatical structure and structuring. Metaphoric theories, which are now gaining popularity in the West, indicate a world outlook which essentially agrees with the Chinese thinking mode, characteristic of analogy and exemplification.