低生育率危机背景下韩国家庭福利政策变迁研究

本文首先回顾了韩国低生育率危机的现状和原因,然后分析了韩国政府过去15年期间的生育政策,并总结了韩国政府针对低生育率危机所提出的应对战略。在过去10年间,韩国政府将晚婚和晚育等人口学变化视为影响生育的最重要原因,并相应地实施了生育奖励政策。然而,在此期间,生育率并未得到恢复,总和生育率在2018年已下降到1.0以下。因此,有必要对过去15年期间为解决低生育率问题所制定的政策进行检讨。具体来说,本文回顾了前后3次健康家庭基本计划与低生育率和高龄化基本计划、中长期保育计划、幼儿教育发展计划及儿童政策基本计划等的大纲,并通过政策评价指出政策成就。此外,本文通过分析韩国社会低生育率的原因,旨在提高未来生育政策的实效性,并指出对未来政策的启示。

A Study on the Changes of Family Welfare Policy in South Korea in the Context of Low Fertility Crisis

This paper aims to review the current situation and causes of the low fertility crisis in South Korea,analyzes the Korean government’s fertility policy over the past 15 years,and reviews the Korean government’s strategy for coping with the low fertility crisis.Over the past decade,although the Korean government has implemented a series of policies to encourage birth,with demographic changes such as late marriage and late childbirth being the most important factors affecting childbirth,the fertility rate has not recovered and the total fertility rate has fallen.In this regard,this paper reviews the policy efforts of the past15 years to address the low fertility rate.It examines the outlines of the basic plans for the health home,the basic plan for low fertility rate and aging,the mid-to long-term care plan,the early childhood education development plan,and the basic plan for the children’s policy.In addition,we will explore the causes of low fertility in South Korean society and seek insights,in order to enhance the effectiveness of future fertility policies and suggest implications for future policies.