清代城居地主兴起的影响

清代由于商品经济的发展和城镇的繁荣,大批地主开始移居城市,成为城居地主。这一现象对社会经济的影响既有积极的一面,如地主城居将部分地租投资于工商业,推动了社会经济发展,促进了城乡经济交流,松弛了主佃封建人身依附关系;又有消极的一面,如加重了佃农的经济负担,在一定程度上销蚀了社会积累,不利于社会长远的经济发展,同时导致农副产品单向流入城市,造成虚假繁荣,也不利于农业的发展。总的来看清代城居地主兴起弊大于利。

A Discussion on the Influence of the Arisen City-resided Landlords in the Qing Dynasty

With the exchange economy developing and the town flourishing in the Qing Dynasty,lots of landlords started to leave countryside and reside in cities,which became city-resided landlords.The phenomenon had various influence on the society and economy,including a positive side,for example,that they used part of landtax to invest in industry and commerce resulted in propelling the society and economy to develop,promoting the economical communication between the city and countryside and loosening the attaching connection between the owner and cottier.But there was a passive side,such as aggravating the cottiers' burden,corroding the social accumulation to a certain extent and making against the long-term development of economy that resulted in agro-byproduct inflooding into the cities in the single way and inveracious prosperity,making against the development of agriculture.As a whole,harms overweigh benefits.