城市化进程中农民市民化问题研究

农民市民化是指我国城市化进程中借助于工业化的推动,农民由农村向城市转移并逐渐变为市民的一种过程和状态。由于城市市民主体与政策决策主体的认识障碍、历史上形成且现在仍旧具有羁绊作用的制度或规定、地方政府决策的固有偏好,饱和而又具有歧视性的城市劳动力市场以及农民主体的素质缺陷等因素,致使我国农民市民化面临许多困难。因此,提高各参与主体对农民市民化重要性的认识,提高农民的整体素质,取消二元户籍歧视和恢复户籍管理职能等举措,是推动农民市民化可行而有效的应对措施。

Citizenization of Farmers in the Process of Urbanization

The citizenization of farmers is a process wherein,driven by means of industrialization,farmers move from the rural to the urban areas and become city residents in China’s urbanization.This process is faced with many difficulties,including the dominant status of city residents who look down at farmers,decision makers who favor city residents,institutions and regulations formed in the past which discriminates against farmers,the bias of decision making of local governments,a urban labor market which is saturated and discriminatory against farmers,and the lower making of farmers.Therefore,enhancing the awareness of the importance of citizenization of farmers,improving the overall quality of the farmers,the abolition of the dual household registration management system and restoring initiatives such as household registration,are feasible and effective measures to promote the citizenization of farmers.