礼佛双修——东晋南北朝士大夫精神世界考察

东晋南北朝时期,佛教迎来了在中国传播的第一个高潮。士大夫阶层无疑是促成这一高潮的主体。对这一时期的儒佛关系进行考察的学术成果,较少涉及士大夫阶层的这一主体地位,更少关涉促使他们活动的深层次原因。士大夫阶层特有的超越精神,在这一时期促成了礼佛双修的谈辩境域。一方面,他们重视丧服制度,制定家礼以维系家族,把对儒家世俗伦理价值的追求落实在齐家的儒学中;另一方面,他们又试图通过"归心"佛教的方式,为儒家世俗伦理价值寻找内在安顿。士大夫这种试图为儒家世俗伦理价值寻找内在安顿的诉求,是由其本性中的超越精神决定的。

Integrated Cultivation in Confucian Rituals and Buddhism: A Probe into the Spiritual World of the Intellectuals in Eastern Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

The period of Eastern Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties witnessed the flourishing of Buddhism in China.Undoubtedly,the intellectuals had acted as the core force to set off the upsurge.This paper aims to look into the underneath causes for activities of the intellectuals.During this period,discourse on Confucian rituals and Buddhism was established.On the one hand,the intellectuals laid special emphasis on the system of mourning apparel and family rituals to sustain harmonious families.Thus,they attempted to materialize the Confucian ethical values in their practice to regulate the families.On the other hand,they believed that Buddhism could enhance their inward self-cultivation to anchor Confucian ethical values.It was their immanent-transcendent spirit that brought about the integrated cultivation in both Confucianism and Buddhism.