从农业文明特征看中国传统建筑的设计意念

农业社会生活是中国传统社会的物质文化、制度文化和观念文化创造、发展的基础。农业文明深刻影响中国传统文化民族性格、心理及社会结构特征,进而影响着中国建筑的设计理念,从而产生并发展出源远流长而丰富深刻的建筑美学思想。从华夏民族重实际轻玄想的务实精神、师法自然、恒久变易、封闭、保守的围合心态,及家国同构的社会结构特征,论述中国传统建筑迥异于西方建筑的以人为本、因任自然、反本开新、重重包围、院院相套及门、堂分立的设计意念。

The Designing Idea of Traditional Chinese Architecture from the Angle of Characteristic Agricultural Civilization

Chinese culture is in essence a kind of agricultural civilization,which deeply influences the Chinese national character,mentality and social structure,and thereby further affects the designing idea of Chinese buildings.In the light of the practical spirit and natural tendency,the closed and conservative psychology and the idea of building the country and family in the same way,the article attempts to explain how the agricultural civilization influences the designing idea of Chinese traditional architecture.