试论中国古代休闲文化的审美意义

中国数千年的文明历史,蕴含着丰富的休闲思想,留下了内容丰富、层次清晰具有中国特色的休闲文化样式,也沉淀下来各种不同的休闲观念。从孔子＂志于道,据于德,依于任,游于艺＂的政教型休闲观念,到庄子＂乘云气,骑日月,而游乎四海之外＂,追求绝对精神自由、强调自然和人同在的道家休闲观,到唐宋诗词中山水的咏叹、生命意识的感悟、爱情闲愁的吟唱,再到明清小说中花样翻新的休闲娱乐方式,他们犹如一串串耀眼的明珠,构成了中国特有的休闲文化历史。

On the Aesthetical Connotations of Leisure Culture of Traditional Scholars in China

Theoretically and practically,our ancestors had a preference for the conception and enjoyment of leisure.Nurtured throughout the history of Chinese civilization are some plentiful leisure ideas,which result in different conceptions of leisure and different cultural modes of leisure life.Among these conceptions are： Confucius＇ political-educational conception which advocates ＂building up the highest expectations,acting on virtue and kindness,and cultivating through arts＂;Zhuangzi＇s Taoist conception of ＂riding on clouds,the sun and the moon to travel beyond the world＂ which pursues the absolute spirit freedom and stresses the harmony between man and nature;the praise of landscape,the insight on life,the lyric for love and sentiment reflected in the poems in the Tang and Song Dynasties;the varied types of leisure and entertainment described in the stories during the Ming and Qing dynasties.All these conceptions,like sparkling pearls,constitute a history of leisure culture particularly in China.