农村青年婚姻市场层级化的社会学分析

当前农村青年婚姻市场上,以"家庭地理位置"和"家庭经济条件"为分层标准,农村男青年被划分为不同的层级。不同层级的男青年在婚姻市场上有着不同的处境:较高层级的男青年拥有较大的择偶主动权,中层的男青年也基本能够进入婚姻,较低层级的男青年择偶困难,成为大龄未婚男青年的风险较大。因此,形成不同层级的原因是性别比失衡使得农民经济上的分化在婚姻市场上凸显出来,市场经济冲击下的农民择偶观念理性化,打工潮加剧了农村婚龄人口性别比的失衡。

A Sociological Analysis of Stratification of Current Rural Youth Marriage Market: Taking R Town in North Henan Province as an Example

The study on R town of North Henan province indicates： In the current rural youth marriage market, the rural young men are classified as different classes by ＂family location＂ and ＂family economic conditions＂. Rural young man from different class has different situation in the marriage market： The upper class young man has the initiative, the middle class can fulfill marriage basically, and the lower class has difficulty in marriage and runs higher risk of becoming bachelor. The paper analyzes the causes of the phenomenon from the angle of sociology： Sex ratio imbalance makes the economic stratification in the marriage market highlighted; the rational of marriage concept under the impact of market economy; the tide of migration workers aggravated the imbalance of sex ratio of marriageable age population. Moreover, the paper explores the possible social consequences of the stratification and puts forward basic idea to solve the problem.