雾霾带来的社会健康成本估算

空气污染已经成为我国最严重的环境问题和发展障碍，特别是首要污染物雾霾对人体的健康造成严重的影响，带来巨大的健康成本。本文通过将雾霾对人体的健康影响分类并逐项进行成本估计，估算出2003年到2013年各年北京市雾霾所带来的扣除物价因素的社会健康总成本、人均成本、占北京GDP比重及变化率，并进一步分析了北京市政府环境治理工作对雾霾的社会健康成本的影响。研究结果表明：北京雾霾污染已经给居民带来了严重的健康问题以及巨大的社会健康成本；而且健康总成本的增长率远远高于同期北京地区GDP的增长率；同时，由于北京市人口总量的增加以及经济总量的不断提高，在污染浓度不变甚至降低的情况下，雾霾的健康总成本仍在增加；研究还表明雾霾健康总成本的各年变化率相差比较大，其与北京市政府雾霾治理力度密切相关。

The Assessment on the Social Health Costs Caused by Fog and Haze

Air pollution has become the most important environmental issue and developmental obstacles, which cannot be ignored any more. In particularly, the primary pollutant fog and haze has caused serious impact on human health and enormous social costs. This paper conducted a quantitative analysis on the social health costs caused by fog and haze in Beijing. First, health effects of fog and haze on the human body were classified, followed by estimation of the cost of each type of the health effects, and then assessed the total health costs caused by fog and haze in Beijing. Further to calculate the intangible economic benefits from the reduction of the concentration per cubic meter of air pollution. The results showed that air pollution caused by fog and haze gave rise to serious health problems and socio-economic costs. Therefore, the more stringent environmental protection policies and the effective implementation are needed to reduce the air pollution, especially fog and haze.