具有网络外部性的扩展Hotelling模型

将网络外部性引入线性运输成本下的Hotelling模型,研究了两家网络产品厂商首先选址,然后进行价格竞争的两阶段完全信息动态博弈问题,得到了厂商价格竞争均衡的存在性条件,推广了一般Hotelling模型的结论.由于网络外部性的存在,消费者效用是相互依赖的.网络产品的市场份额既是消费者选择的结果,又是消费者选择的依据.文章将交通流量分配技术和无穷维变分方法相结合,建立了刻画网络产品市场划分的模型——无穷维变分不等式,并研究了市场划分的存在性和唯一性问题.最后假定厂商定位在两端,分析了产品的网络外部性特征及单位运输成本对两个厂商竞争均衡情况的影响.

Extended Hotelling model with network externality

Hotelling model with network externality and linear transportation cost functions is analyzed.Two firms,providing network products,play a two-stage dynamic game with perfect information.Firstly,they simultaneously choose their location,then they compete in price.The conditions for equilibrium price are obtained.One customer's utility is dependent on the others' products choice because of network externality.Customer choice determines the market share of network products.Meanwhile the market share reversely influences customer choice. By using of transportation flow distribution and infinite dimensional variational inequality method,the market share model of network products,i.e.infinite dimensional variational inequality,is set up.Its existence and uniqueness is studied.Finally,the influence of network externality character and unit transportation cost on the firms' competition equilibrium is analyzed under the assumption that two firms choose the location at the two ends.