谁说王昭君嫁匈奴单于是"和亲"?

在汉代,所谓的民族"和亲",是指有仇怨、相互战争的民族,彼此商定,捐弃仇怨,消弭战争,进而缔结和平亲近的民族关系.因此,在和平时期的西汉竟宁元年,王昭君奉汉元帝之命出嫁匈奴呼韩邪单于,本是巩固、强化汉与匈奴的政治整合,而并非什么民族"和亲",因为汉代史籍中从未出现过"昭君和亲说".然而,随着"和亲"词义在北朝隋唐之际的衍增,民族"和亲"与跨民族的"政治联姻"叠为一体,于是,王昭君出嫁就被唐代的学者引申联想为是一次民族"和亲",从而世代流传,延续至今,遂成定论.事实上,"昭君和亲说"既无助于阐明王昭君嫁呼韩邪单于的真正历史意义,又会导致人们在释读汉代史料时思维混乱.研究汉代历史,应该摒弃"昭君和亲说".

Wang Zhaojun's Marriage to Chief of Xiongnu Is Not to Make Peace by Marriage

In the Han dynasty, the nationalities that had wars bargained to stop the wars and make peace by marriage. The first year of Jingning was a peaceful period, and Wang Zhaojun's marriage to chief of Xiongnu by order of the Han emperor Yuandi was not to make peace by marriage but to strengthen and consolidate the political combination with Xiongnu. There was no such saying that Wang's marriage was to make peace by marriage in the Han literatures. So we should give up the saying of making peace by marriage so as to make this confusion clear in the study of the Han dynasty.