文化遗产学初论

文化遗产是指由先人创造并保留到今天的一切文化遗存,是一个地区、一个民族或一个国家极为重要的文化资源和文化竞争力的构成要素。在全球化背景下和世界遗产运动的推进下,文化遗产事业发展迅速,形成了独特的社会实践对象和研究领域,建构“文化遗产学”已成为学术界关注的问题。文化遗产学的研究领域包括物质文化遗产、非物质文化遗产、文化景观、文化线路、产业遗产、文献遗产、文化遗产保护与管理等。学科的特点具有综合性、贯通性和应用性。作为一种学术体系,它的建构是世界范围内不同国家诸多学者长期实践和探索的结果,反映了20世纪中叶以来人类对历史、当代和未来,对人与自然的关系及追求社会平衡与和谐发展等方面的全方位思考,代表着一种新的历史价值观与社会发展观,是文化科学与历史科学在新的时代背景下发展与创新的成果。

On the Studies of Cultural Heritage

Cultural heritage refers to what the forebears created and is preserved up to date, and it is the essence of cultural resources and cultural competitiveness claimed by a district, a nation or a country. Prompted by the movement of world heritage and in the setting of globalization, cultural heritage as an enterprise develops so rapidly that it is of special interest in social practice and academic researches. Studies of cultural heritage involve that of tangible cultural heritage, intangible cultural heritage, cultural landscapes, cultural routes or cultural itinerary, industrial heritage, textual heritage, conservancy of cultural heritage, etc. As a discipline, they are characteristic of comprehensiveness and practicality. As scientific endeavor, they are the outcome of long-lasting practices and researches by the scholars all over the world. They embody human concern of its past, present and future, and human pursuit for harmonious human-nature relation and sustainable social and economic development since the mid-20th century. They become new approaches to the evaluation of history and social development, and achievements in cultural and historical studies.