《典论·论文》三辨——从《典论·论文》看曹丕的文章写作观

《典论·论文》里提到的“四科八体”，其中的奏、议、书、论、铭、诔这六种属于应用文体。仅从这一点来看，说它是“文学专论”就不符合原著的内容实际了。曹丕《典论·论文》并非是“文学专论”，而是既包括文学创作又包括应用写作的中国古代文论。其中，“经国之大业”说、“文本同而末异”说、“文以气为主”说等三个重要观点，也同样是适用于应用写作的理论总结。以实事求是的精神，客观而深入地研读《典论‘论文》的原薯．我们便会发现，所谓《典论·论文》是“文学专论”云云，往往都带有以偏概全的毛病。

The Rethinking of the Three Arguments Advanced by Cao Pi in His Paper On Literature

Of the four genres and eight styles mentioned in Gao Pi＇s paper On Literature, the first three genres and six styles are practical writing; so it is not precise to say On Literature is a paper especially on literary works. Actually, it is not a paper that deals solely with literary works, but one that researches into both literary creation and practical writing. Three of Cao Pi＇s arguments, namely, writing is an everlasting great cause that matters for the management of the country, all writing resorts to words for the expression of its content, and the crux of writing lies in the writer＇s having full play of his unique style and talent, are all applicable to practical writing. A deep and objective study of Cao Pi＇s On Literature will show the one-sidedness of the viewpoint that On Literature is a paper solely devoted to literary works.