胡适思想的现代意义

胡适是我国近代著名的思想家、教育家和学者,毕生从事教育、学术和文化工作,同时积极关注国家民族的前途和发展。胡适的教育、学术和文化思想对我国近现代思想文化发展产生了重大而深远的影响,对当代我国的改革开放和现代化建设也有诸多的启迪和参考意义。胡适思想的影响和意义表现在四个方面:第一,作为新文化运动的中心人物,胡适为新文化运动的发展作出了突出性的贡献;领导白话国语运动取得成功;倡导个性解放,提出“健全的个人主义”的界说;大力推进教育改革;提倡科学思想,反对武断迷信;创立新学术典范等。第二,在中西文化交流及中国文化的发展走向上,胡适最早提出建设中国新文化的纲领性意见,对中西文化交流持开放性的态度,反对所谓本位文化观,主张中国文化与西方文化进行深入全面的交流,通过充分的文化交流实现中国文化的变革和发展。第三,在政治变革上,胡适并不绝对地反对暴力革命,但更主张通过和平的改革来创建新的制度,促进社会的发展。第四,在对待外国列强的态度上,胡适既反对帝国主义对中国的侵略和压迫,同时又主张理性的民族主义,反对情绪化地简单排外。

The Modern Implication of HU Shi's Thoughts

HU Shi,famous thinker,educator and scholar in Modern China,had devoted all his life to education,academy and culture,and had paid close attention actively to the future and development of the State and the Chinese nation.HU's thoughts on education,academy and culture had produced great and profound impacts on the development of the thoughts and culture in modern China,and even have many aspiring and referring significances to the open-reform and modernization construction of contemporary China.Firstly,as the core person,HU had made to the development of New Culture Campaign protruding contributions,leading successfully the Mandarin Chinese Movement,advocating for individual liberation,proposing the definition of "healthy and perfect individualism",vigorously promoting education reform,advocating for scientific thinking while against assertiveness-suspicion,creating academy regularization and all.Secondly,HU had contributed a lot in the Sino-Western cultural exchange and developing direction of Chinese culture,putting forth the earliest the programmatic outline for construction of the new Chinese culture,and standing for an openness attitude to the Sino-Western cultural exchange while against the so-called selfish-departmental view to the native culture.Thirdly,in political reform,HU,with no absolute objection to violent revolution,preferred to create the new political system through peaceful reform,enhancing social development.Fourthly,or lastly,in attitudes towards foreign powers,HU opposed foreign invasion in and oppression of China while argued for rational nationalism and against simply emotionalized exclusion.