乌托邦与教育:“西方马克思主义”的启示

对理性的普遍坚信是20世纪人类乌托邦的核心。科技理性对人的精神空间的挤占,物质生活的富裕对人的诱惑,导致了人在精神上的危机甚至沦落。乌托邦的隐退展现在人们面前的是一幅贫乏的精神画面。在人类痛感精神家园失落的时代,布洛赫在"希望"的理念之上构建了他的乌托邦哲学。弗洛姆高举着"让人成为主人"的大旗,哈贝马斯则提出了交往范式,构建了他的交往社会的乌托邦。教育,因其表现着对"不在场"的未来价值理想的不懈追求,因而具有鲜明的乌托邦精神。

Utopia and education: an inspiration of Western Marxism

The general firm belief in rationality is the core of Utopia of twentieth century.The occupation of rationality of science and technology on people’s spiritual space,and the temptation of material wealth to human led to mental crisis and even moral decry.The reclusion of Utopia brings people a poor mental picture.On the day when human beings feel lost spiritually,Bloch constructs his Utopian philosophy in the idea of "Hope".Fromm holds the banner of "let a person become master";Habermas puts forward a communication paradigm to construct his social Utopia.Education,for its unremitting pursuit of the value of "absence" to the future,has a distinctive spirit of Utopia.