中国山水诗的咏叹

中国山水诗萌芽于《诗经》与《论语》的某些章句，功能是为了诗的起兴。汉武帝的《秋风辞》，曹操的《观沧海》等已得山水诗的雏形，到六朝已形成玄言诗与山水诗的固定形式，并流传有序，历代继承下来。晋有陶渊明；南朝宋有谢灵运，齐有谢；唐代李白的豪放、王维的禅悦是中国山水诗的顶峰；宋代苏拭的清雄，陆游的苍凉；至元已觉局面狭窄，引起山水画家诗的勃兴；明清的山水诗境界狭小，部分折射唐宋，满足其感情世界，明代李攀龙、清代吴梅村和王世正各有建树。因山水而造就了的历代诗人，又引起对山水诗的咏叹，本文并探讨了这些山水诗的美学特征。

APPRECIATION OF CHINESE LANDSCAPE POEMS

Chinese landscape poems derive from some sentences and phrases in (Book of Songs ) and (Analects of Confucius ) which function as stimulants to the poems. They appeared in an embryonic form in (The Ballad of Autumn Wind) written 13y Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (Han Wudi) and (Viewing the Deep Blue Sea ) written by Cao Cao. In the period of Six Dynasties they began to form the regular patterns which have been handed down and carried on since then in the Jin Dynasty there was Tao Yuanming; in the Song Dynasty (one of the Southern Dynasties ) Xie Lingyun; in the Qi Dynasty Xie Tiao. And they came to the peak by poems of powerful and free style written by Li flat (in the Tang Dynasty ) and poems of the Buddist Happiness Style by Wang Wei (also Tang Dynasty). Then they arc characterized by Su Shi's grand and heroic style and Lu You's lonely and desolate in the Song Dynasty. But they became limited in their extent in the Yuan Dynasty, which caused the landscape painter's interest in the poems. Then they were used to reflect the Tang and Song to satisfy the emotional need by the Ming and Qing Dynasty's poets of whom I.i Panlong (in Ming Dynasty ), Wu Meicun and Wang Shizheng (Qing Dynasty) make their respective contributions to the poems. From all of the above stated, we can conclude that the mountains and waters have "created" those famous poets through the ages and made them to intone the beauty of the nature, thus we can appreciate and analyze the aesthetic characteristics.