我国大城市发展公共交通的制度安排——城市空间权利的视角

在简要综述大城市发展公共交通对策研究、城市道路外部性及城市交通产权研究的基础上,提出列斐伏尔关于空间生产、空间冲突的理论,福柯关于全景敞视建筑体现权力关系的观点,以及科斯的产权理论,能够为研究城市公共交通问题提供新的视角.基于交通便利性权利和空间便利性权利分析,得出轨道交通枢纽车站高强度开发法则和城市副中心形成法则.城市规划是对城市空间资源进行配置,必然要对不同交通方式出行群体的交通便利性权利和空间便利性权利进行制度性安排,并使这种权利关系通过城市道路和建筑设计在城市建筑空间中得以实现,而出行结构是城市空间权利制度安排的结果.

The Institutional Arrangement for Developing Public Transit in Metropolis——From the Perspective of Spatial Rights

Based on the literature review of the strategies for developing public transit in metropolis, the externality of urban road and the property rights of urban transit,this paper proposes that Lefeb-vre's theory of production of space and contradiction of space,Foucault's theory of panoptic open archi-tecture creating power relations,and Coase's theory of property rights can provide a new perspective for developing public transit in metropolis.The paper educes the law of intensive development at tran-sit hub and the law of urban sub-center based on the analysis of rights of easy mobility and easy access to public transit.Urban planning is the allocation of urban spatial resources.It entails the institutional arrangement of rights of easy mobility and easy access to public transit for different groups,and the right relations should be materialized through urban spatial design.The paper thus proposes that the urban trip mode is the result of the institutional arrangement of the urban spatial rights.