透过“林”“张”之争看国有企业的改革之路

在体制转轨的特定阶段实现所有权与经营权分离后 ,监督国有企业经营的成本太高。林毅夫教授认为这是由于市场制度欠缺所致 ,改革的当务之急不是移植一种特定的“现代企业制度”,而是创造一个公平竞争的条件与环境 ,并以此硬化其预算约束 ;张维迎教授则认为导因于企业制度残缺 ,而这种残缺在国有制下是无法克服的 ,唯一出路是“国有”变为“非国有”。事实上 ,企业拥有一个好的市场制度与拥有一个好的内部制度一样不可或缺。“政府支配型的企业内部治理结构”才是国有企业弊端丛生的总根源 ,改革应从制度重建和技术改进两方面入手

To seek for the reformatory road of state owned enterprises by looking through the dispute between lin and zhang

During the specific stage of the planned economy transforming into market economy, the cost of supervising the management of the state-owned enterprises is too high after the separation of ownership and management. Professor Lin Yifu thinks that it has resulted from the deficiency of market institution, and the immediate action of reform is not transplanting the so-called Modern Enterprise Institution but creating the fair environment of competition so as to strengthen the budget control. However, Professor Zhang Weiying thinks that it originates from the deficiency of the Modern Enterprise Institution, and the deficiency like this is difficult to be overcome under the state ownership. The only effective way is to change the state-owned into the non-state-owned. In fact, it is dispensable for an enterprise to have a good market institution as well as a good inner institution. The inner governance of state-controlled style is the fundamental cause which brings the overgrown defects to the state-owned enterprises. The right reform should be both the reconstruction of the institution and the technical improvement of supervision.