国际贸易中区块链应用的场景与法律风险管控

国际贸易参与者时常面临信任危机带来的贸易成本高、沟通困难、效率低下等难题，以区块链在国际贸易中的应用为对象，对跨国公司在全球范围内开展业务面临的法律风险进行研究。研究认为，区块链具有多方协同、不可篡改、可溯源、可验证、去中心化、去信任化等特性,能够帮助跨国公司及其客户在国际贸易中保持行动的一致性和沟通的完整性，在贸易记录追踪、供应链监管、贸易合同履行、支付结算、版权贸易等方面的应用前景广阔；跨国公司在国际贸易中应用区块链会面临潜在的泄露隐私、违反数据本地化要求、数据跨境流动不合规、违法变更劳动条件、涉嫌垄断和洗钱等法律问题，应当切实加强合规管理，在法律框架内发挥区块链的积极作用。

Application scenarios and legal risk management of blockchain in international trade

Relevant parties in international trade have always faced problems of high trade costs, difficulty in communication and low efficiency caused by the crisis of trust. This paper conducts research on the legal risks faced by global operation by transnational corporations using the application of blockchain in international trade as research object. The research finds that blockchain has multi party collaboration, non tampering, traceability, verifiability, decentralization, and de trust characteristics. It can help transnational corporations and their customers to maintain the consistency of actions and the integrity of communication in international trade. The application prospects of blockchain in trade record tracking, supply chain supervision, trade contract performance, payment settlement, copyright trade are broad. The application of blockchain in international trade by transnational corporations faces such potential legal issues as the leakage of confidential information, violation of data localization requirements, non compliance in cross border data flow, illegal change in labor conditions, being involved in monopoly and money laundering, etc. Transnational corporations should effectively strengthen compliance management so that blockchain can play an active role in international trade within the framework of law.