近代英国个人破产观念的变迁

个人破产在当代英国是常见的经济现象,人们也会坦然处之。这种个人破产观念在英国主要形成于近代。在早期社会,破产被视为一种犯罪行为,破产者是违法犯罪的人,人们在伦理道德上视破产为一种耻辱。18世纪破产有罪观开始淡化。随着英国经济社会转型以及福音主义运动的兴起,破产无罪观正式形成,人们逐渐不再把破产视为一种罪行,逐渐接受它是正常商业失败后的结果,破产法不再以防止破产欺诈为主要目的。

The Evolution of the Opinion on Bankruptcy in Modern Britain

Bankruptcy is a common economic phenomenon in contemporary Britain,and people will look at it in a normal way.This opinion of bankruptcy in Britain was mainly formed in modern times.In early modern times,people regarded bankruptcy as a criminal act,and the bankrupt as a criminal.People regarded bankruptcy as a shame in ethics and morality.In the 18th century,the opinion of bankruptcy guilt began to fade.With the economic and social transformation in Britain and the rise of Evangelism movement,the opinion of bankruptcy innocence was formally formed.People no longer regarded bankruptcy as a crime,but gradually accepted it as the result of the failure of normal business.The bankruptcy law no longer aims at preventing bankruptcy fraud.