创始团队关键人力资本、战略地位优势与创业绩效

鉴于创始团队关键人力资本对新创企业发展的重要性及已有研究的不足,在界定相关概念及其结构维度的基础上,遵循资源/能力-地位-绩效理论逻辑,构建基于能力视角的创始团队关键人力资本对新创服务企业战略地位优势和绩效影响的概念模型。以环渤海、长三角、珠三角和海西地区的新创高技术服务企业创始团队成员为调研对象,基于182份有效问卷,运用SPSS 19.0和AMOS 17.0软件及多元层级回归方法分析数据。研究结果表明,创始团队关键人力资本的3个维度均显著提升新创高技术服务企业绩效,但作用机理不同,绩效效应存在差异,服务扩展优势部分中介适应性营销能力和市场链接能力与绩效的关系,服务扩展优势和服务差异化优势同时完全中介新服务开发能力与绩效关系;适应性营销能力和市场链接能力直接和通过服务扩展优势间接产生的综合绩效效应均显著高于新服务开发能力通过服务扩展优势和服务差异化优势间接产生的综合绩效效应;服务扩展优势在服务差异化优势转化为企业绩效的过程中发挥部分中介作用。新创高技术服务企业应合理配置和整合创始团队成员多样化能力,促进关键人力资本与战略地位优势的协同匹配。

Founding Team Key Human Capital, Strategic Positional Advantages and Entrepreneurial Performance

In view of the importance of key human capital in the founding team for new venture development and the gap of existing research, this study defines related concepts and their structure and dimensions, follows the resources/ capabilities-position-performance theoretical logic and constructs a conceptual model of the impact of key human capital in the founding team on strategic positional advantages and new high-tech service venture performance based on capabilities perspectives. 182 valid questionnaires were gathered from the founding team members of new high-tech service ventures in Bohai Rim Area, Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and West Coast of Taiwan Strait. SPSS 19.0, AMOS 17.0 and multiple hierarchical regression method were employed to analyze the data. Results show that all the three dimensions of key human capital in the founding team significantly improve new high-tech service venture performance with different mechanisms and differential performance effects. Firstly, the effects of both adaptive marketing capabilities and market linking capabilities on performance are partially mediated by service scalability advantage, while the effect of new service development capabilities on performance is completely fully mediated by both service scalability advantage and service differentiation advantage. Secondly, both the performance induced by the adaptive marketing capabilities and market linking capabilities (their direct effects and indirect effects through the mediating role of service scalability advantage) are higher than the performance induced by new service development capabilities (their indirect effect through the mediating role of both service scalability and differentiation advantage). Thirdly, service scalability advantage plays a partial mediating role in the process of transforming service differentiation advantage into performance. Therefore, in order to promote the coordination of key human capital and strategic positional advantages, new high-tech service ventures need to ensure that their founding teams have the appropriate mix and deployment of multiple capabilities.