两晋赠答诗体制析论——以四言体与五言体为中心

作为早期文人诗发展中的一个重要题材,赠答诗同时指向世运与人。通过这种在不同个体间酬赠往还的诗歌体式的考察,往往可以推衍出诗歌体式的群体性变迁。两晋时期的赠答诗中,四言、五言诗的数量大致接近,而四言体略占优势。一般说来,述祖德、美功业、旨在营造庄重雅穆氛围的诗歌用四言体,述志、道情或是包含更广内容的诗作则多用五言体。这两种不同体式的诗歌的写作,既与作者的才性、文学气质有关,又随着诗体与情感的表现力之间的契合或是疏离有所区别,又因场合与应用功能的不同而导致分体。对旧的文学经典的自觉模拟、步步履之以及面对新的文学传统时不自觉的学习,对文学体式的建构有着深远的影响。总的说来,两晋时期赠答诗的体制变化,与四言体、五言体内部的消长规律是一致的。

An Analysis of the Stylistic Patterns of the Dedicated and Responded Poems in the Western and Eastern Jin Dynasty:Focus on the Four-Character Poems and Five-Character Poems

As one of the important themes for the poetry by men of letters in the earlier period of its development,the dedicated and responded poems pointed to both the fate of the time and the fate of the people.When we observe the stylistic patterns of the poems dedicated and responded by different individual poets at a certain time,we can find the change of poetic patterns among groups of poets at that time.For the dedicated and responded poems in the Western and Eastern Jin Dynasty,the number of the four-characte...