欧美社会风险管理制度的借鉴与思考

伴随风险管理理论、风险社会理论等研究的不断深入,重大决策与社会稳定相关性研究逐步增多。欧美发达国家和地区在环境保护、食品安全、城市管理等方面的重大决策,已经形成了较完备的风险评估与防控机制。其主要做法是:依法确立风险评估主体,构建风险评估的法律框架,建立风险评估的基本流程系统,成立专门的风险评估组织机构和协调机构。借鉴欧美发达国家和地区重大事件风险管理的成功经验,提出中国重大决策社会稳定风险评估建设的基本体系:加强重大决策社会稳定风险评估理论研究,增强重大决策社会稳定风险评估意识,建立健全重大决策社会稳定风险评估的法律制度,完善重大决策社会稳定风险评估的管理机制。

Reference and Reflection of Euramerican Social Risk Management System

With the research on risk management theory and risk society theory deepening, the study on correlation between decisions and social stability also gradually increases. Developed Euramerican countries and regions have established relatively complete risk assessment and prevention mechanism on major policies about environment protection, food security and city management. The main approaches include establishing the main risk assessment legitimacy, constructing risk assessment legal framework; establishing basic risk as- sessment flow system; and establishing special risk assessment organization and coordination agency. This pa- per attempts to learn from the successful experience on risk management of major events in developed Euramer- ican countries and regions, and put forward the basic system of social stability risk assessment about major de- cisions in China. The system includes strengthening theory research on social stability risk assessment of major events, enhancing awareness about social stability risk assessment of major decisions, establishing legal system of risk assessment, and improving management mechanism of risk assessment.