多元"他者"视域对重庆城市形象的呈现——以21世纪涉外视角的重庆题材纪录片为例

21世纪以来,以中国城市为关注对象的"他者"纪录片不断涌现,这些纪录片呈现了丰富多元的"他者"视域,也折射了世界认知中国的不同逻辑.重庆,作为中国内陆对外开放的前沿,不仅成为国外媒体机构的纪实对象,也吸引了国外独立制作人和民间个体的纪实镜头.不同的拍摄制作方采用不同的"视域"呈现了不一样的重庆城市面向,既有快速发展中矛盾尖锐的"畸形"重庆,也有日趋国际化的"机遇"重庆,还有神秘又亲切的"人文"重庆.以这些重庆题材纪录片为例,从文化、经济和个体认知多方面探究多元"他者"视域对重庆城市形象进行不同呈现的动因,可为中国城市的未来"自塑"与对外传播实践提供参考和借鉴.

The Presentation of the Image of Chongqing City from the Perspective of Multiple Others

Since the 21st century, "other" documentaries focusing on Chinese cities have continuously emerged and become an important way for foreign audiences to understand China. These documentaries not only present a rich and diverse "other" perspective, but also reflect the different logics of the world''s perception of China. Chongqing, as the forefront of reform and opening up in inland China, has not only been the object of documentaries of foreign professional media institutions, but also attracted the documentary footages of the foreign independent producers and private individuals. Different film producers use different horizons to present different images of Chongqing city. There is a deformed Chongqing city image with a lot of sharp contradictions in the rapid development, an increasingly internationalized Chongqing city image with a lot of opportunities and a mysterious and cordial humane Chongqing. Taking these Chongqing documentaries as examples, we try to study the behind motivations of different urban Chongqing images that are presented by the perspective of multiple "other" from the views of culture, economy and individual recognition and exploration, which might provide some reference and inspiration for the future "self-shaping" of Chinese cities and China''s external communication practice.