析冷战后美国反扩散政策的强化及内在矛盾

冷战后,阻止大规模杀伤性武器扩散问题在美国对外战略中的重要性不断提升。伴随美国对霸权的追求,美国的不扩散政策也由防扩散发展为反扩散。克林顿政府时期,美国的不扩散政策的基本特点是“防反结合、以防为主”,但已经开始向积极主动的反扩散政策转变。2 0 0 1年布什政府执政开始,特别是“9·1 1”事件后,美国的不扩散政策实现了向反扩散的转变。在先发制人的对外战略出台后,美国的反扩散政策不断的得到强化。美国已经将反扩散政策纳入它谋求霸权的总体战略框架。美国反扩散政策和反扩散战略的霸权属性使之不可避免地产生诸多内在矛盾,对国际不扩散机制和国际社会防扩散的努力都将产生负面影响。

An Analysis of USA's Strengthened Counter-Proliferation Policy after the Cold War and Its Inner Contradictions

After the end of the cold war, the issue of how to prevent the proliferation of WMD has become more and more important in the US foreign strategy. In the Clinton period, the main characteristic is that “Prevention combines with counter-proliferation with prevention as focus”. The USA's non-proliferation policy changed to counter-proliferation policy in 2001 when the Bush administration came into power, especially after the 9.11 incident. The hegemonic essence of USA's counter-proliferation policy and counter-proliferation strategy will unavoidably bring a lot of inner contradictions, which will harm the international non-proliferation regimes and the world's efforts for preventing proliferation.