明代官员致仕情况初探

明代致仕官员是一个特殊的社会群体，他们的致仕形式主要是按例致仕，但也有因病致仕、养亲致仕、勒令致仕等若干特例。他们致仕后享有一定的政治特权和经济待遇，但仍受明政府的管理。此外，他们致仕还乡后，在参与地方事务中，发挥了正反两方面的作用。

A Primary Study of Retired officials in the Ming Dynasyt

Retired officials were a special social group in the Ming dynasty.They retired mainly for their old age but there were other reasons: illness,serving elder parents,being forced into retirement and so on.Retired officials enjoyed certain materialistic and political privileges and were still managed by the Ming government.In addition when they went back to their hometown,they played both positive and negative roles in their communities.