哲学虚静论与中古文学虚静理论

"虚静"是中国古代哲学中的一个十分重要的概念和思想,无论儒家还是道家,都对其进行了具体的阐述,形成中国古代哲学中独特的"虚静"理论.儒家对"虚静"的阐述只注重一般的哲学层面,而道家则从一般宇宙观的角度阐述"虚静",认为"虚静"是认识客观事物的基本的哲学方法.中古文学的虚静理论就是在这一哲学层面上引入了哲学上的"虚静"理论,把"虚静"看做是文学创作的方法论.陆机的"虚静"理论与具体的文学创作过程相联系,并用形象的描述,阐述了文学"虚静"的特点和实际运用的情形.刘勰则从理论的高度,将"虚静"与艺术构思紧密联系起来,构成了他完整、系统的文学虚静理论.

Philosophy Xujing and the xujing Theory of Middle Ancient Literature

"Xujing" (emptiness and quietude) is an important concept and thought in ancient Chinese philosophy, and Confucian school and Taoist school had explained it and formed special "Xujing" theory in ancient Chinese philosophy. Confucian school had explained "Xujing" thought only in general philosophy, and Taoist school had explained it in general world view and thought that it was the basic philosophy method of knowing the objective world. The "Xujing" theory of middle ancient literature just used the "Xujing" theory of philosophy in the philosophy view, and thought that "Xujing" is the method of literary writing. Lu Ji's "Xujing"theory had a relation with process of literary writing, and explained the feature of literary "Xujing" and situation of actual using in image. Liu Xie had related "Xujing" with artistic thinking in theory and formed a complete and systemic literary "Xujing" theory.