墨子“先质后文”的文化观

墨子＂非乐＂曾招致儒家＂蔽于用而不知文＂的批评。西汉经学家刘向为墨子正名,把其文化观概括为＂先质后文＂,即先满足人民的基本物质需求,然后再从事文化活动。＂先质后文＂不等于＂重质＂、＂废文＂。＂先质后文＂的文化观渊源于现实、历史以及认识论三个层面,其主旨是强本节用和繁荣文化。＂先质后文＂虽是特定历史条件下的产物,但它重视物质生产以解决民生问题,目标是实现大同理想;主张繁荣教育文化以提高人民的思想道德觉悟,从而实现天下人皆相爱的和谐社会,这些对于建设社会主义文化强国以及实现中国梦都具有重要的现实意义。

Maze Cultural View on "Ubstance First , Culture Second"

Maze ＂non-music＂ had brought Confucian criticism,that is,＂shielded by utility and do not know the culture＂.The anthropologist Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty restored Maze’s reputation,he generalized Maze’s cultural view as ＂substance first,culture second＂,namely to meet basic material needs of people first,and then engaged in cultural activities.＂substance first,culture second＂is not equal to ＂taking substance seriously＂and ＂abolishing culture＂.Maze’s cultural view origin ed in history,reality and epistemology,and its purpose is to enhance agricultural production and economize expenses and the prosperity of culture.It is a product of the specific historical conditions,but it attached importance to material production to solve the livelihood problems,its goal is to achieve the ideal of great harmony;advocated the prosperity of education and culture to improve people’s moral consciousness,so as to realize the harmonious society,these have the important practical significance to build socialist cultural power and realize the Chinese dream.