艺术的位置:从娱乐到审美

艺术作为认识真理的经验形式,作为意识形态的构成元素,与宗教、科学、历史和哲学等相比,是处于最低的层面;而艺术作为人类天才的创造的形象世界,又包含有更高目的的精神指向。过于夸大艺术在社会生活中的作用,使艺术偏离人的基本的精神需求,而变成了政治或社会意识形态的工具,这样只会导致艺术功能的衰退。艺术的娱乐,并非功利性,而首先是享受性,它与一般娱乐不同的特点是审美的愉悦,具有强烈的情感性,是感动或情感的释放。我们谈艺术的娱乐功能,一点也不否认和贬低艺术的社会功能,相反,恰恰是为了健全和强化艺术的功能效应,更好地发挥艺术的社会功能。艺术的社会功能效应,固然取决于艺术品的审美趣味,但也不等于具有审美趣味的艺术品,就具备很好的社会功能,因为艺术的社会功能,在很大程度上是情感的精神的和灵魂的力量,艺术家的良知与激情、思想与文化精神,决定着作品的社会功能的力度。

The position of art: from entertainment to aesthetic appreciation

While art is at a lower level compared with religion,science,history and philosophy,it contains a higher spiritual pursuit as a world of image created by geniuses.The over-exaggeration of the social function of art by turning art into a political or ideological weapon will lead to the decline of artistic function.Different from other entertainments,art involves aesthetic appreciation and strong emotion.The entertainment function of art can promote instead of going against its social function.Of course,an artistic work with good aesthetic appreciation does not necessarily produce active social influence.It is the artist's conscience,passion,ideological and cultural quality that play a decisive role in the social function of art.