“超越”与“超绝”——方东美论中西天人之际

方东美是在中西交汇的文化背景下进行哲学研究的。他以形而上学为中心,直探中西哲学文化的核心。他认为,中国哲学的精神就在于"圆融和谐"的智慧,即他所谓的"广大和谐之道";西方哲学则是一种以"矛盾对立"为特征的"二分法"思想,它始终不能脱离"二元对立"的思想模式和格局。相对而言,中国哲学精神在根本上具有优越性,它适足以构成对西方哲学的挑战,也是解救其理论困难的唯一解药。方东美的比较哲学研究,已经深入到中西思想文化的核心,但他夸大中国哲学"天人合一"思想的优越性,其理论难免"东方中心论"的局限。

Transcendence and praeternatural-Fang Dongmei's Views on the Relationship between Heaven and Man in Chinese and Western Cultures

Fang Dongmei began his philosophical studies against the background of the convergence of Chinese and Western cultures.With metaphysics as the center of his studies,he goes directly to the core of Chinese and Western philosophy.In his opinion,the spirit of Chinese philosophy lies in the wisdom of harmony,the "way of comprehensive harmony" in his terminology.On the other hand,Western philosophy is a kind of thought of dichotomy characteristic of contradiction and opposition,possessing a thinking mode of "binary opposition".Therefore,the Chinese philosophy not only shows its superiority over the Western philosophy,but is also the only way to solve the problems of Western philosophy.In a word,Fang's comparative philosophy has reached the core of both Chinese and Western cultures.However,he overstates the superiority of the idea of man's harmony with nature in Chinese philosophy.So his theory has its shortcoming of "Orient-centrism".