失独之殇：失独家庭的养老困境及其解决对策

将模型参考自适应技术（MRAS）应用于永磁同步电机（PMSM）无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统中。以永磁同步电机本身为参考模型，以电机的电流模型为可调模型，并利用Popov超稳定理论推出自适应律，对转子速度和位置信息进行辨识。考虑到无速度传感器控制系统存在参数变化和负载扰动的鲁棒性问题，将自抗扰控制（ADRC）引入到模型参考自适应无速度传感器调速控制系统中，形成一种新型的复合控制算法。在Matlab/Simulink中建立基于MRAS和ADRC的混合无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统仿真模型，仿真结果表明，该算法具有较好的速度和位置辨识精度、较强的鲁棒性和抗干扰特性、较优的动静态特性。

Research on the Endowment Dilemma and Solutions of Losing single child Family

The speed sensorless control based on model reference adaptive (MRAS) technology for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) direct torque control system is presented. In the proposed strategy, the model of PMSM itself is regarded as reference model while current function model is regarded as adjustable model. The speed and position of the PMSM are estimated by designed adaptive laws generated by Popov stability theory. Considering the robustness and load disturbance in the sensorless control of PMSM, the ADRC is introduced into the MRAS and a novel Hybrid control algorithm is obtained. The simulation model of the MRAS and ADRC speed sensorless of PMSM direct torque control system using Matlab/Simulink is built. The simulation results show that this control method is more robust and has higher speed and position identification precision and better static and dynamic characteristics of performance.