从哈代的抒情诗看哈代悲观主义的成因及表现

哈代生活的时代,社会正经历重大的变革。各种文学思潮、流派风起云涌,纷纷展现出奇炫的魅力。由于受叔本华等西方哲学家悲观主义的影响,加之工业文明对农业文明的侵蚀,科学发展所导致的科学信仰的动摇以及与妻子爱玛生活的不睦等原因,哈代的作品洋溢着浓重的悲剧色彩和伤感情调。本文从哈代悲观主义着眼,从社会变革、宗教、科学、哲学及个人经历等方面依次分析了哈代悲观主义产生的原因,并从众多抒情诗中拣选四首来例证其在诗歌中的表现。

On the Reasons and Manifestations of Thomas Hardy's Pessimism: A Study of His Lyric Poetry

Thomas Hardy''s life spanned two centuries when great changes took place in society and various of literary schools come into being to display the glamour of literature. Experiencing the decline of agriculture due to the process of industrialization, being influenced by the pessimism of Shopenhauer and other western philosophers, the agnosticism brought by the development of science, and the discord with his wife Emma, Hardy''s writing is pervaded with pessimism, which serves as a dark thread goes through most of his lyric poems. From the perspective of social, philosophical, scientific, religious and marital influence, this article mainly aims to analyze the reasons, manifestations of Hardy''s pessimism by means of analyzing four of his lyric poetry.