环境规制对行业就业的影响研究

文章将污染要素作为一种生产要素纳入柯布道格拉斯生产函数,引入行业的特征参数从三个角度分析环境规制对就业的影响机制及其行业差异.基于2006-2012年中国30个省份不同产业下17个行业的面板数据,实证检验环境规制对行业就业的影响.结果发现:环境规制与就业的关系存在行业差异,呈现出“U型”“倒U型”和“不相关”三种情况.从行业间的就业分布变化看,第一产业行业与第二产业行业分别为“倒U型”和“U型”,表现出“反向联动效应”.第二产业行业和部分第三产业行业同为“U型”,表现出“同向联动效应”,存在环境与就业的双重红利.最后,文章为取得环境改善与就业的双重红利提出政策建议.

The effect of environmental regulation intensity on employment of industries

Based on the Cobb-Douglas production function introduced the industry characteristic parameters, this paper analyzes the effect of environmental regulation intensity on employment from three angles. Using the panel data of 17 industries under different industry level on the China''s 30 provinces in 2006-2012, the article empirically tests the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation and employment. The empirical results indicate that the effect of environmental regulation intensity on employment has industry differences. Some industries show a significant "U" shaped relationship or inverted "U" shaped relationship, while others had no significant relationship. From the employment distribution change between industries, the empirical results indicate that: Primary industry and secondary industry presented "inverted U" type and "U" type, showing "Backward linkage effect". The second industry and part of the tertiary industry presented "U" type, showing "synthetic linkage effect", and having double dividend between environmental regulation and employment. Finally, this paper puts forward the policy suggestions for environmental improvement and employment.