中国女性老年人口的现状及问题分析

在快速的人口老龄化过程中,由于女性老年人寿命长于男性,因此成为一个规模快速增加的群体。女性在受教育、就业比例以及收入水平上一般要低于男性,因此她们在晚年生活中的弱势积累效应更加明显,表现为经济保障、健康医疗、婚姻家庭生活方面的困难更加突出。在当今家庭养老照料功能减弱和社会保障及社会服务能力不足的情况下,女性老年人口问题需要给以更多的关注。采用2005年全国1%抽样调查资料,对我国当前老年妇女的人口、婚姻、受教育、经济来源、职业以及健康状况给以描述和分析,以期为学术研究和政府管理工作提供必要的信息和依据。

Analysis on the Status and Problems of Elderly Women in China

In the process of population aging,because females live longer than the male,female population increases rapidly.The levels of education,occupation and income in female population are lower than the male,therefore female accumulating weak effect of status is obvious in their later life span.Their difficulties in economic security,health,medicine,marriage are projecting.In the situations of weakening of family support for older,shortage of social security and social service,the problem of female population should be given more attention.According to the data of national sampling survey in 2005,this paper describes and analyzes the situations of Chinese female population,marriage,education,income,occupation and health aiming to provide necessary information and basis for academy and government management.