民国时期河北水灾频发的原因探析

河北地处华北,按其地理位置和气候特征而言,应以旱灾为主。但是民国38年间,河北的水灾竟超过旱灾,打破了传统＂南涝北旱＂的说法,成为对河北危害最大的灾种。文章通过对民国38年河北水灾情况进行简单梳理分析发现：民国时期河北水灾的发生多是由于连降大雨、河流溃堤决口造成,这除了与河北的地形条件、季风气候特点、河流的分布状况等自然因素有一定关系外,主要还与民国时期政府不重水利、战乱年代对水利设施和森林植被严重破坏等社会因素有重要关系。所以,预防灾害并非难事,只要国家稳定,注重水利建设和自然环境保护,很多灾害是可以避免的。

On the causes of frequent flood in the period of the republic of China

The HeBei Province is located in northern China,according to it＇s geographical location and climatic characteristics,it should be dominated by the drought.In 38 years of the Republic of China,however,floods actually was more than drought,why？ In this paper,through a simple analysis,we should find： the occurrence of floods were mostly due to the heavy rain,the river breached barrier ruined.Except the topographical conditions of HeBei,monsoon climate characteristics,the distribution of rivers conditions and other natural factors,the main reason was that the water-bank didn＇t repair,the forest was destructed,embankments have been caused by vandalism.These factors were due to political instability,wars and other conflicts caused by age.Therefore,disaster prevention is not difficult,as long as the country＇s stability,focusing on water conservancy construction and the protection of the natural environment,many disasters can be avoided.