儒家民本主义与中国古代农民问题

儒家民本主义的基本观点是“民为邦本 ,本固邦宁” ,因而它要求封建统治者施行“仁政” ,轻徭薄赋 ,与民休息 ,发展生产。历史证明 :当封建统治者抛弃儒家民本主义时 ,农民就被迫反抗 ;当封建统治者推行儒家民本主义时 ,农民生活就相对安定。但儒家民本主义主张“君为臣纲” ,故它不是民主主义 ,而只是封建统治者为达到长治久安的一种策略思想。历代开国君主推行民本主义 ,是在接受农民起义教训后对旧王朝政策的调整 ,从而大大延长了中国封建社会的寿命 ,阻碍了农民思想的觉醒。只有无产阶级领导的革命 ,才能使农民获得真正的解放

Confucian Civilian-based Idea and the farmers' Problems of Ancient China

The basic concept of Confucian Civilian-based Idea is that the civilians are essential to a country and if they are peaceful,the country will be stable,so it requires the feudal rulers take a policy of benevolence,recruiting slight labor and low tax and tariff collection,giving people rest and developing production.It is historically proved that when the feudal rulers betrayed Confucian Civilian-based Idea,the farmers were forced to revolt;when the feudal rulers practiced Confucian Civilan-based Idea,that the monarch is someone who makes rules for his subjects,thus it is not democracy,but a strategy of the feudal rulers who wanted long and peaceful ruling.The fact that the first monarch of each successive dynasty applied civilian-based idea is an adjustment of the policies of the old dynasty after he had learned a lesson from the farmers' uprisng,thus greatly prolonging the time of Chinese feudal society and hindering the awareness of the farmers.Only the revolution led by the proletariats could give the farmers real liberation.