农村产业化项目扶贫运作逻辑与机制的完善

产业化项目扶贫是当前中国农村扶贫、减贫与促进贫困地区乡村社会建设与社会发展的主要方式。产业项目扶贫运作逻辑受上级政府、基层政府和农民群体三个行为主体利益博弈的影响与塑造。这一运作模式存在一些缺陷,如项目立项与运行受到领导人意志支配,缺乏规范的议程,带有很强的随意性;基层扶贫工作人员和项目实施各单位之间缺乏有效配合;各利益群体之间的关系联结出现断裂;产业化扶贫政策及其运行脱离地方实践和贫困群体的实际需求,导致国家意志和贫困群体的主体性需求难以实现。要使当前的产业扶贫真正惠及穷人,既要打破自上而下的科层制权力关系结构,尊重和重建广大基层组织与贫困群体的主体性地位,又要加强各部门之间的协助,形成各利益主体之间的有效连接,重视社会工作者的参与,推动扶贫工作由单一的行政主体运作向多方参与的社会化运作机制的转变。

Poverty alleviation operational logic and mechanism perfection of rural industrialization projects

The poverty alleviation using rural industrialization projects is now a main method to relief and reduce rural poverty, and to promote the social and economic development in poor mountainous areas. There exist some flaws in operational logic of industrialization projects since it is influenced by the benefit game among government of higher level, basic government and farmers. The flaws present as following： it is haphazardly since the approval and the implement of a project are determined by the director; the grass-root staffs do not act in concert with unites in charge of project implementation; the relationship among main interest groups is broken; the policy and the implement are alienated from reality. In order to have the industrialization projects benefit the poor indeed, some suggestions are proposed： to break the power hierarchy; to respect and rebuild the subjective status of grass-root organizations and the disadvantaged group; to form an effective relationship among main interest groups; to pay attention to the participation of social workers so as to make the work of poverty alleviation a multiparticipation mechanism.