美国智库参与国家意识形态治理的路径及其对中国特色新型智库建设的启示

美国智库作为国家意识形态治理多端主体中的重要角色,从纵向历史来看,美国智库的意识形态化契合了国家治理的现实需求;从横向视角来看,智库深度参与政治体系运作、构建意识形态话语体系、促进意识形态大众传播、积极进行对外意识形态渗透、搭建思想共识平台,以及借由"旋转门"机制,积极"影响有影响力的人"等,在意识形态治理中扮演着愈益积极的角色。尽管制度属性有本质差别,但美国智库深度嵌入国家意识形态治理体系的举措,也为中国特色新型智库建设提供了有益的启示：以专业化为趋势,政府主导建设特色智库方阵;以职业化为标准,营建智库人才成长和流动机制;以多样化为布局,多管齐下扩展智库的影响力;以专题化为突破,集中攻坚意识形态治理瓶颈。

The path of American think tanks participating in national ideological governance and its enlightenment to the construction of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics

American think tanks play an important role in the multiple subjects of national ideology governance.From the perspective of vertical history, the ideology of American think tanks meets the realistic needs of state governance.From a horizontal perspective, think tanks are deeply involved in the operation of the political system, constructing an ideological discourse system, promoting ideological mass communication, actively infiltrating foreign ideologies, building a consensus platform for ideas, and actively "affecting influential people" through the "revolving door" mechanism, so American think tanks play an increasingly active role in the governance of ideology.Despite the essential differences in institutional attributes, the deeply embedding of American think tanks into the national ideological governance system has also provided useful enlightenment for the construction of new types of think tanks with Chinese characteristics:the government should lead the construction of characteristic think tanks with the trend of specialization; the talent growth and motivation mechanism of think tanks should be established with the criterion of professionalization; the influences of think tanks should be expanded in a multi-pronged manner with the layout of diversification; the ideological governance bottlenecks should be concentrated on tackling with the breakthroughs of thematization.