中俄蒙经济走廊贸易便利化水平及其 深化发展的思考

为了深化中俄蒙经济走廊建设,促进经济走廊贸易便利化成为中俄蒙三国的必然要求.从口岸效率、海关环境、国内规制环境和电子商务、金融服务等5个方面来对中俄蒙经济走廊的贸易便利化进行了测算.实证分析的结果表明,2012-2016年,中国的平均贸易便利化指数为0.625,远远高于俄罗斯(0.515)和蒙古国(0.471).中国的平均贸易便利化处于一般便利的水平,而俄罗斯和蒙古国则分别属于贸易不便利和非常不便利等级.从总体上来看,中俄蒙经济走廊的贸易便利化处于不便利等级,且各国之间差距较大,未来还有巨大的发展空间.为此,需要加强经济走廊机制化公共产品的供给,共建基础设施的互联互通环境和通关一体化制度;以产能合作强化贸易便利化提升的经济技术基础;重视中欧班列的牵引作用;增强经济走廊相关国家间的互信及认同感.

Reflections on Trade Facilitation of China, Russia and Mongolia Economic Corridor and Its Deepening Development

In order to deepen the development of China, Russia and Mongolia Economic Corridor, it is necessary for the three countries to promote the trade facilitation in the economic corridor. This paper calculates the trade facilitation of the economic corridor from five aspects:port efficiency, customs environment, domestic regulatory environment, e-commerce and financial services. The empirical results show that the average trade facilitation index in China during the 5 years from 2012 to 2016 is 0.625, far higher than in Russia (0.515) and in Mongolia (0.471). The average trade facilitation is at an average convenience level in China, but it is at an inconvenient level in Russia and a very inconvenient level in Mongolia respectively. Generally speaking, the trade facilitation of China, Russia and Mongolia Economic Corridor is still at an inconvenient level, with the wide gap among the three countries. Thus, there is a huge space for development in the future. Accordingly, it is necessary to strengthen the institutionalized supply of public goods in the economic corridor, jointly construct the infrastructure connectivity environment and integration system of customs clearance, promote the deepening of trade facilitation in China, Russia and Mongolia Economic Corridor with productivity cooperation, attach great importance to the traction role of China-Europe express railway, and strengthen the mutual trust and sense of identity among the countries associated with the economic corridor.