土地开发与耕地保护

人地矛盾是当前和今后我国农业和国民经济可持续发展面临的主要问题。在农业结构调整和加入WTO的背景下,实现耕地总量动态平衡,要求从土地开发与耕地保护两方面着手解决。土地开发应遵循土地稀缺原理、地租理论、人地协调理论、动态平衡原理与系统工程理论等。我国的人均土地资源较少,质量不高,后备土地资源不足,决定了应加强耕地保护与土地资源可持续利用,其主要措施有:严格贯彻实施《土地利用总体规划纲要》;拓展耕地保护思路;重视系统和可持续发展的土地开发;明晰和稳定土地开发产权制度以及加强土地开发制度建设与项目管理工作。

Land Development and Cultivated Land Protection

The contradiction between people and land is a major problem during the development of Chinese agriculture and national economy. Under the general background of China's entry into WTO and agricultural structure readjustment, it is imperative to attain dynamic equilibrium of farmland by land development and cultivated land protection. The scarcity of land, rent theory, harmony between people and land, dynamic equilibrium and system engineering are the guidelines for land development. The inadequacy of reserved land resources requires strengthening of land protection and sustainable use. It is strongly suggested that strict implementation of general land use planning, transformation of cultivated land protection concept, emphasis on sustainable development, clearance and stabilization of land property rights system and better management of land development project be adopted.