作为一种阐释学的意识形态文学批评

在唯物史观的层次上理解马克思主义意识形态理论的同时,文学"审美意识形态"论者却让自己陷入自相矛盾的理论尴尬。唯一的出路是在批判理论而非学科理论的视野中领会马恩关于文学是一种意识形态形式的论述,并从中获取意识形态文学批评的意义论启示,即在经济基础的变更引发上层建筑的变革这一总体的关联效应中,揭示文学作为一种境遇反应之精神形式的发生学秘密。由此,意识形态文学批评在以实证还原为取向的总体化策略中展开其雄辩的运作。但最终它要面对两个致命的质疑:第一,审美批评在其阐释模式里几无存在的空间;第二,其总体化策略的前提即总体化本身在理论合法性上就是一个问题。

The Ideological Literary Criticism as a Sort of Hermerneutics

At the same time to understand the ideological theory of Marxism from the view of historical materialism,those people who regard aesthetic ideology as the nature of literature plunge themselves into an embarrassing theoretical situation.The only way out is,from the perspective of critical but not discipline theory,to understand the view of Marxism that literature is a form of ideology,and thus to acquire the theoretical revelation of ideological literary criticism as a sort of hermerneutics,which means that we can reveal the genetic secret of literature as a situational reaction in the total effect that the change of the economic base brings the transformation of the superstructure.The ideological literary criticism spreads out its eloquent work in the tactics of totalization based on positivism,but it has to face two queries: the first is that aesthetic criticism barely has a place in its interpretative model;the second is that the theoretical legitimacy of the premise of the tactics of totalization,i.e.the totalization itself still remains to be a question.