书面语篇的主题串连与省略

通过考查书面语篇中主题省略与重复的现象,可以看出,从主题之间的线性关系着眼,主题串连观念对某些现象未能妥善解释。经带入语篇与语用的考虑后,指出:(1)语篇的整体格局(schema)可以提供主题,毋须一定在主题串的开端标明。(2)前句后部(尤其是宾语)往往能以零形式作次句的主题。(3)语篇中某些主题是伪主题,从语篇表意的层次看与其它主题并非处于相同层次,因此不会阻断主题串。(4)重复同一主题是出于宣示主题(topic-announcing)的需要,这由语用考虑而非逻辑角度决定。

The Topic-Chain and Ellipsis in Written Discourses

This essay tends to account for the deletion and repetition of sentence topics in written discourses.It points out that the concept of topic-chain,which focuses on the relationship between the topic and its comments,is inadequate to provide the answers.Discourse structure and its pragmatic function must be brought in to give a fuller account.The article concluded that:(1) A topic can be provided by the discourse schema,thus the deletion of an overt topic at sentence initial;(2) The rear position(object,in particular) of the preceding sentence can often serve as the zero-anaphoric topic of the following sentence;(3) There are pseudo-topics which do not belong to the same stratum as other topics,and therefore do not break a topic-chain;(4) The repetition of topic is due to the need of topic-announcing,motivated by pragmatic rather than logical needs.