布坎南契约规则理论的困境及其分析

布坎南采用公共选择理论研究契约规则问题,在政府的民意基础和政府的可行性之间建立起对应的函数关系,从而既扩大了经济学的应用范围,又增强了政治学的解释力。但是,布坎南的民主理论并不完善,以成本作为标准的思路使得这一理论在解释立宪实践中常见的超多数规则现象时遇到了困难。从建立新的政府决策模式的构想出发,以净收益标准替代布坎南理论的成本标准,可以弥补布坎南理论在解释现实上的缺陷。

Difficult Position and Analysis of Buchanan's Contractarian Theory

With the public choice theory, Buchanan studies on the contractual rules and establishes the functional relation between the public base and feasibility of government, as has expanded the applying scope of economics and also enhanced the interpretive nature of political science. However, Buchanan' s democratic theory is not yet perfect, for the concept of taking the cost as the standard makes it fall into a difficult position in interpreting the majority rules common for constitution. The concept of establishing the new governmental decision-making model and the replacement of Buchanan' s theory with net profit standard can make up the defects of Buchanan's theory in interpretation upon reality.