论食品安全权的权利伦理基质及其价值

在当代权利伦理学和人权伦理学的价值谱系中，食品安全权因其与生命权、发展权以及健康权、怯弱权等的密切关系而有其既基础、本源又核心、根本的价值意义。作为一种集法律权利和道德权利于一体的基本人权，食品安全权既是一种源自人最内在、最常见和最基本的人权，也是人之为人最基本的价值诉求和社会所需要的最基本最核心的价值关怀。生而为人必然具有对生命的珍重、对健康的珍惜，此则构成人最为内在亦最为强烈的生命权和健康权，而生命本身和健康的脆弱性又使人产生了与生命权和健康权相契合的怯弱权。生命权、健康权、怯弱权内在地要求食品安全权。尊重和保护公民的食品安全权既是生命权的价值诉求，也是怯弱权和健康权的集中表现。食品安全权因其特有的基础性、本原性权利诉求和价值追求必然成为当代权利伦理学和人权伦理学以及人本主义伦理学、人道主义伦理学和生命伦理学价值大厦的“拱心石”和“顶梁柱”。

On the Right Ethical Matrix and Its Value of Food Safety Right

In the value spectrum of contemporary rights ethics or human rights ethics, the right to food safety has its foundation, origin, core and fundamental value significance due to its close relationship with the right to life, the right to development, the right to health, and the right to dispelling fragility. As a basic human right that combines legal and moral rights, the right to food safety is not only a human right that originates from the most internal, frequent, and basic aspects of human beings, but also the most fundamental and core value demands of human beings and the most basic and core value care needed by society. Born as a person, one must cherish life and health, which constitutes the most inherent and strongest right to life and health. The fragility of life itself and health makes people have the right to dispelling fragility that is in line with the right to life and health. The rights to life, health, and dispelling fragility require the right to food safety. Respecting and protecting citizens'' right to food safety is not only the value pursuit of the right to life, but also the concentrated expression of the right to dispelling fragility and the right to health. The right to food safety is bound to become the keystone and pillar of contemporary right ethics, humanistic ethics, humanitarian ethics and bioethics because of its unique foundation, original right appeal and value pursuit.