否向副词的语义语用共性

汉语中存在一些如“并、从来、根本、万万”之类强制性或倾向性地要求其后的结构为否定结构的副词，可名之为甭向副词，它们呈现出一定的语用语义共性。其语用共性表现为增量、消除预设以及凸显主观性；语义共性是这类副词表达的部是主观大量。否定结构在自然语言中一般表主观小量，为了凸显说话人的主观性，就需要有表示主观大量的形式手段来增量，这成为其需要否向副词同现的理据。

Pragmatic and Semantic Universal of Negative Adverbs

Negative adverb is compulsory or inclination and followed by the negative structure, which displayed some semantic and pragmatic universal. Their pragmatic universals are to increase number, to eliminate presupposition, to prominent subjectivity; their semantic universal is to express a large number of subjectivity. Subjective small number and weakening of subjectivity of negative adverb is the movement trying apper together with negative structure.