中世纪商法:浪漫与怀疑主义之争

现代商法浪漫主义者认为,早在11、12世纪,中世纪商法就已经形成一种独立的法律体系,这种商法具有普遍性与跨国家性,是独立于世俗政治力量之外的自治性法律体系。然而怀疑者则认为,无数的史实证明,中世纪的商法完全是区域性的地方法,尽管存在统一的趋势,但在中世纪结束之前从未形成过一种统一的法律体系。同时商法的发展也很难摆脱世俗政权的影响,所谓的自治、跨国家的中世纪商法只是商法浪漫主义者的一种想象。

Controversy over the Medieval Commercial Law Between Romanticism and Skepticism

Modern commercial law romantics state that lex mercatoria was formed in the l lth or 12th century, and was voluntarily produced, voluntarily adjudicated, and voluntarily enforced. This lex mercatoria is a universal and transnational legal system that is in- dependent of the secular political forces. These romantic ideas whose appearance has relation to specific historical background can meet the needs of different periods of history and continue to develop. However, numerous historical facts prove that medieval commercial law is entirely a local law. In despite of the existence of a unified trend, but before the end of the Middle Ages there never formed a unified commercial legal system. The development of commercial law is difficult to get rid of effects of the secular powers, so the socalled autonomous, transnational commercial law is just an imagination of the Commercial Law Romantics.