马克思恩格斯论文化进程和世界文化

在当前文化问题的热烈探讨和争鸣中，马克思主义奠基人关于文化进程和世界文化的论述，仍然没有失去其重要意义。他们始终把文化生产置于人们生产活动的整体之中，并且具体地和历史地考察了人类各个时代的物质生活进程如何制约着文化生活的进程，从而提出文化进程的三个基本阶段或三种基本类型：物质生产和文化生产的交织、作为文化的文化生产、“世界文化”的形成。“世界文化”并非永远存在，而是现代大工业条件下的历史产物，同“世界市场”、“世界交往”和“世界历史”的形成紧密相连。世界文化不是非民族的，不可能通过各民族文化的消亡来实现，也不可能凌驾于各民族文化之上；相反，它是通过各民族文化的相互交流、相互学习、相互影晌和相互挑战的漫长历史进程展现出来。

Marx and Engels' View on Cultural Progress and World Culture

To the present heated contention about various cultural issues,the exposition of the founders of Marxism on cultural progress and world culture is still of much significance.They have specifically and historically examined how the material life of various periods governs the progress of cultural life and concluded that cultural progress underwent three stages:the intersection of material production and cultural production, cultural production is culture itself,and the formation of "world culture"."World culture" is by no means a permanent being,but a historical product of modern mass industrial production,closely related to the formation of "world market","world communication",and "world history." World cultrue is by no means non-nationality.It can never be realized by the extinction of individual cultures, nor can it domineer over in dividual cultures.On the contrary,it is manifested by mutual communication,mutual learning,mutual influence and mutual challenge of individual cultures.