OVER的双层多义网络模型

一直以来,对介词多义性的认知研究主要是讨论其引申的认知理据,但忽略了语境的增丰作用,因而产生了井喷性多义现象。以OVER为例,基于Croft和Cruse倡导的语义动态识解理论,可以建构一个双层多义网络模型。此模型设定OVER有上位概念层与下位语境层。在上位概念层有一个主范畴及两个次范畴,分别表述为:'在上(可移动与否)','在彼'和'覆附'。这些概念是可引申的类典型范畴。此模型的上层体现Lakoff的辐射集理论,其下层综合Rosch较早的标准重合集理论。上层的类典型范畴相互关联,是由词项提示的心理实体,是语境义的引申之源。下层的引申义是源于上层的类典型范畴实时推导的结果,此结果需同时参照认知语境并融入不同的认知操作。此网络模型的特点是语境的动态性和开放性。

A Double-Layer Network Model of Polysemy on OVER

Cognitive researches on the polysemy of prepositions have all along focused on the motivation of meaning extensions andignored the effect of contextual enrichment ,which causes rampant polysemy , as shownin thecaseof OVER .Basedon the Dynamic Construal Approach to Meaning advanced by Croft &; Cruse ,a Double-Layer Network Model of Polysemy is set on OVER , with the concept upper layer and the context lower layer in it . The upper layer contains one major category and two minor ones , representing ,respectively ,(1) ABOVE(MOBILE OR NOT) , (2) ON THE OTHER SIDE OF ,and (3) COVERING . They all have their prototypes . The upper layer shows Lakoff's radial network representation and the lower layer shows Rosch's earlier standard version of overlapping sets representation .The upper layer'sinterrelated prototy picalcatego riesarep sychologicalentities denoted by the lexeme and constitute the source of contextual extensions .The lower layer's meaning extensions are the results of online interpretation of the prototypical categories in light of cognitive context and with different construals . The model is characteristic of contextual flexibility and openness .